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Pearl Title	Mechanism of Nephrolithiasis
Pearl ID	982
Author	Liwu Chen
Content	ýThe fundamental cause for all stones is supersaturation of urine with respect to the stone components; factors affecting solubility include urine volume, pH, and total solute excretion. Calcium stones are the most common in both adults and children and are associated with several metabolic disorders, the most common of which is idiopathic hypercalciuria. Therapy to prevent stones rests on lowering supersaturation, using both diet and medication. Effective treatment decreases stone recurrence and the need for procedures for stone removalý
Source	Prim Care. 2008 Jun;35(2):369-91
Evidence Level	C-Consensus/Expert
Question Type	background
Relevance	Disease-oriented evidence
Rotation	Family Medicine
Date Created	06/01/2008
Modified Date	06/01/2008
Starter Pearl?	No